Biology Jill Notes Study Guide This is a study guide for Jill's Biology Class. Simply mouse over the text to display the answer. This was programmed by hand by Erty Seidel. Visit his website and read his weekday webcomic at www.ertyseidel.com. He uses the screennames Ertyseidel and Lord Revx. If you think something is wrong, or an answer is incorrect (which it probably is), send an email to erik-dot-seidel-at-ourschoolname-dot-org

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Taxonomy
The science of finding, describing, classifying and naming organisms

Binomial
Consisting of two terms, such as Genus and Species

Genus
A taxonomic rank, between Family and Species. A group with common attributes.

Species
A taxonomic rank, below Genus.

Heirarchical Classification Ranks
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Phylogeny
The evolutionary history of an organism

Ontogeny
The arising or development of an individual organism.

Systematics
The science of systematic classification, especially of organisms.

Cladistic Analysis
Determining the evolutionary relationships between organisms based on derived similarities

5-Level Classification
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

6-Level Classification
Eubacteria, Archabacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Spontaneous Generation
Complex, living organisms are generated by decaying organic substances, e.g. that mice spontaneously appear in stored grain or maggots spontaneously appear in meat.

Biogenesis
Organisms producing other Organisms

Prokaryotes
Organisms whose cells do not have nuclei

Eukaryotes
Organisms whose cells have nuclei

Cocci
Spherical or near-spherical bacteria

Flagella
A whip-like organelle that many unicellular organisms, and some multicellular ones, use to move.

Spirochetes
A whip-like organelle that many unicellular organisms, and some multicellular ones, use to move.

Endospores
A dormant structure produced in response to harsh environments by some bacteria.

Binary Fission
The asexual reproduction of prokaryotes and protists

Carlos Linnaeus
Developed the hierarchical classification system.

Charles Darwin
English naturalist who wrote about evolution.

Ecosystems
All living and nonliving components that make up a biosphere.

Producers
Any organism that makes it own food.

Consumers
Any organism that eats other organisms

Scientific Method
Observation, Hypothesis, Experimentation, Conclusion





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